Klonopin (Clonazepam) Oral Tablets
Klonopin is a prescription oral benzodiazepine containing clonazepam. It is used in adults for selected forms of epilepsy and for panic disorder, with a relevant risk of dependence on prolonged use.
- Active ingredients
- Clonazepam
- Manufacturer
- Genentech (Roche)
- Dosage forms
- tablet, orally disintegrating tablet
- Available dosages
- 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg
- Category
- Anti-anxiety Medications
What is it?
Klonopin is the United States brand name for clonazepam, marketed by Genentech (Roche). The same molecule is sold under the brand name Rivotril in many other markets. The product is supplied as scored tablets and as orally disintegrating tablets. Klonopin is dispensed only on prescription because of its potential for misuse and dependence. Its long half-life and slow onset distinguish it from short-acting benzodiazepines such as alprazolam.
Active ingredients
Each tablet contains clonazepam as the sole active ingredient at strengths of 0.5mg, 1mg or 2mg. Clonazepam is a 1,4-benzodiazepine that potentiates the action of GABA at the GABA-A receptor and has a long terminal half-life of 18 to 50 hours.
Forms and dosages
Klonopin is administered orally with or without food. According to the prescribing information, the usual starting dose for panic disorder is 0.25mg twice daily, increased after three days to a target of 1mg per day, with further adjustment as needed. The starting dose for seizure indications is individualised by the prescriber. Orally disintegrating tablets dissolve on the tongue and can be useful in patients with swallowing difficulties.
Indications
Klonopin is approved in adults for the treatment of certain seizure types, including absence and atypical absence seizures, myoclonic and akinetic seizures, and as adjunctive therapy in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. It is also approved for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. According to clinical guidelines, prescription should be limited to the lowest effective dose, with periodic reassessment, and is not first-line for chronic generalised anxiety disorder.
How it works
Clonazepam binds to the benzodiazepine site of the GABA-A receptor and allosterically enhances inhibitory chloride conductance, hyperpolarising central nervous system neurons. The result is anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative and muscle-relaxant effects. The long terminal half-life of 18 to 50 hours supports once or twice-daily dosing and a relatively stable plasma profile, with steady state reached after several days.
Frequently asked questions
Is Klonopin used for panic attacks? ▾
Yes. Klonopin is approved for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in many markets, often as a short to medium-term addition to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy. According to the prescribing information, the dose is started low and titrated to clinical response, with attention to sedation. Long-term use is generally discouraged because of dependence risk and is reserved for selected cases under specialist supervision.
How does Klonopin compare with Xanax for panic disorder? ▾
Both are benzodiazepines effective in panic disorder, but they differ in pharmacokinetics. Klonopin has a longer half-life of 18 to 50 hours, allowing once or twice-daily dosing and a more stable plasma profile, while Xanax (alprazolam) has a shorter half-life and requires more frequent dosing. The longer profile of Klonopin may reduce inter-dose anxiety. The choice between them is made by the prescriber based on response, tolerability and drug interactions.
Can Klonopin be stopped suddenly? ▾
No. Abrupt discontinuation after sustained use can cause withdrawal symptoms including rebound anxiety, insomnia, tremor, irritability and, importantly, seizures, even in patients without a prior seizure history. According to the prescribing information, discontinuation should follow a gradual tapering schedule designed by the prescriber, often over weeks to months.
Is Klonopin safe in pregnancy? ▾
Use of Klonopin during pregnancy is generally avoided whenever possible. Benzodiazepines may be associated with neonatal withdrawal, sedation and hypotonia ("floppy infant syndrome") when used near term, and possible developmental concerns with chronic exposure. According to the prescribing information, the prescriber must weigh expected benefits against fetal risk and consider alternative treatments. Breastfeeding while on Klonopin should be discussed individually.
What are the main contraindications for Klonopin? ▾
Klonopin is contraindicated in known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, in severe respiratory insufficiency, in narrow-angle glaucoma, in sleep apnoea syndrome and in severe hepatic insufficiency. Caution is required in older adults, in patients with substance use disorders and in suicidal ideation. According to the prescribing information, the medical history must be reviewed by a clinician before any prescription.
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The information on this website is provided for reference and educational purposes only. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional.